What negative effects can moisture have on concrete and masonry structures?

Moisture can have significant detrimental effects on concrete and masonry structures, primarily leading to structural weakening and freeze-thaw damage. When moisture penetrates these materials, it can cause a variety of issues.

One of the critical concerns is that when water enters the pores of concrete or masonry, it can expand as it freezes during cold temperatures. This expansion exerts pressure on the surrounding material, leading to cracking and spalling. The freeze-thaw cycle can repeatedly weaken the structure over time, compromising its integrity and safety.

Additionally, moisture can lead to other problems such as corrosion of reinforcing steel, which further reduces the lifespan and stability of the structure. Long-term moisture exposure can also promote the growth of mold and mildew, which can pose health risks and further affect the structural materials. These combined effects illustrate why managing moisture is crucial in the construction and maintenance of concrete and masonry elements.